Introduction to IT

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chapter 2.1

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Science Computer Notes

WHAT IS A COMPUTER

An electronic device (machine), that performs four basic operations: input, processing, output and storage.

Types of Computer :

* Supercomputers

* Mainframes

* Personal Computers

* Mobile Computer and Devices

* Embedded Computers

---------------------

What is Supercomputer ?

•A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer and used for very complex, sophisticated job such as nuclear research, calculating weather patterns, petroleum exploration, online banking, automotive design.

Physical Size : Full room of equipment

Speed :

•The fastest supercomputer are capable of processing billions of program instructions per second.

•Can operate at speeds measured in picoseconds-1,000 times as fast as microcomputers.

Storage :

•Can store more than 20,000 times the data and information of an average desktop computer.

What is Mainframe ?

•A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously (multi-user) and storing tremendous amounts of data, instructions and information.

•Mainframes are often used in businesses that manage large amounts of data, for example, insurance companies use mainframes to process information about millions of policyholders.

Physical Size : Partial room to a full room of equipment

Speed :

•Powerful computer that handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously at the same time.

Storage :

•Can store tremendous amounts of data, instructions, and information;

What is Personal Computers ?

•Personal computer is a computer that can perform all its input, processing, output and storage activities by itself.

Physical Size : Fits on a desk.

Speed : Various depends on the memory and processors.

Storage : Various depends on the hard drive size

Mobile computer is a personal computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output and storage activities by itself that you can carry from place to place.

Physical Size : Fits on the lap, palm, pocket

Speed : May slower than a personal computer

Storage : Small storage media

What is Embedded Computer ?

•Special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product and perform various functions depending on the product.

Physical Size : Small

Speed : May slower than a mobile computer and devices.

Storage : Limited or small storage media.

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Science Computer Notes

Definition to IT

Information Technology (IT) is defined as the use of computer hardware and software to store, retrieve, and manipulate information.

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY :

__________________________________________

Today, educators are turning to computers to assist with education. Many schools & companies equip labs & classrooms with computers.

Usage:

oTeachers : use IT to do research for teaching materials, participate in online forum and online reference, use software (prepare lecture notes)

oStudents : use IT as reference tools for finding information in the Internet

oSchool Administrators : use IT for keeping students and teachers record

Example of applications:

•Courseware

•Educational portal (e-portal)

•Web based learning

•Learning Management System

courseware

e-portal

Many people & companies use computers to help manage their finances.

Usage:

•Companies use IT ( finance software) to balance checkbooks, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, manage investment, and evaluate financial plans.

Example of applications:

•Online banking.

•Finance Investment System / Online Investing.

•Electronic Payment System (EPS).

online banking

Most government offices have their own Web sites to provide society with up-to-date information & services.

Usage:
•To provide citizens with up-to-date information through the government Web sites
•Helps to enhance the convenience, accessibility, and quality of interactions between the government and the citizens.
•Employees of government agencies use IT as part of their daily routine

Example of applications:

•myGovernment.

•e-Filing.

•e-Penyata Gaji & Laporan.

•HRMIS – Aplikasi Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Sumber Manusia.

•Portal Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam.

•e-SPKB – Sistem Perancangan Kawalan Belanjawan Elektronik.

•e-Perolehan – The Electronic Procurement System.

myGovernment

Nearly every area of health care today uses computers for various purposes

Usage :

•Hospitals & doctors use IT to maintain & access patient records, store personal health history including prescriptions, lab test result, doctor visit allergies and immunizations

•Doctors use e-mail to correspond with patients.

Example of applications:

•Telemedicine.

•Telesurgery.

•Medline.

•Counter Registration System

Telemedicine

Breakthroughs in surgery, medicine, & treatments often result from scientists’ use of computers.

Usage:

•Use computers to assist them with collecting, analyzing, and modeling data.

•Scientists also use the Internet to communicate with colleagues around the world

Example of applications:

•A cochlear implant.

•An electrodes implant.

•A neural network.

A Cochlear implant

The process of making works available to the public. These works include books, magazines, newspapers, music, film, and video.

Many publishers make their works available online & some Web sites allow you to copy the work, such as a book or music.

Example of applications:

•Special software assists graphic designers in developing pages that include text, graphics, and photos.

•Artists in composing and enhancing songs.

•Filmmakers in creating and editing film.

Online Newspaper

Vehicles manufactured today often include some type of onboard navigation system to help you navigate from one location to another.

Many mobile devices such as smart phones have built-in navigation systems.

Example of applications:

•Car Navigation System by Global Positioning System (GPS).

•Automatic roaming by Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)

•Online Intelligence Transportation IS (ITIS)

•Online reservation.

GPS

Latest technology have helped in making manufacturing process more effective.

Usage

•Reduce product development costs,

•Shorten a product’s time to market, and

•Stay ahead of the competition.

Example of applications:

•Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).

•Computer-aided design (CAD).

•A Bar Code System.

CAM

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WELCOME TO MY BLOG ! INTRODUCTION TO IT NOTES !

5:55 PM | 0 Cloud(s)

chapter 2.1

6:04 PM | 4 Cloud(s)

Science Computer Notes

WHAT IS A COMPUTER

An electronic device (machine), that performs four basic operations: input, processing, output and storage.

Types of Computer :

* Supercomputers

* Mainframes

* Personal Computers

* Mobile Computer and Devices

* Embedded Computers

---------------------

What is Supercomputer ?

Physical Size : Full room of equipment

Speed :

•The fastest supercomputer are capable of processing billions of program instructions per second.

•Can operate at speeds measured in picoseconds-1,000 times as fast as microcomputers.

Storage :

•Can store more than 20,000 times the data and information of an average desktop computer.

What is Mainframe ?

•Mainframes are often used in businesses that manage large amounts of data, for example, insurance companies use mainframes to process information about millions of policyholders.

Physical Size : Partial room to a full room of equipment

Speed :

•Powerful computer that handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously at the same time.

Storage :

•Can store tremendous amounts of data, instructions, and information;

What is Personal Computers ?

•Personal computer is a computer that can perform all its input, processing, output and storage activities by itself.

Physical Size : Fits on a desk.

Speed : Various depends on the memory and processors.

Storage : Various depends on the hard drive size

Mobile computer is a personal computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output and storage activities by itself that you can carry from place to place.

Physical Size : Fits on the lap, palm, pocket

Speed : May slower than a personal computer

Storage : Small storage media

What is Embedded Computer ?

•Special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product and perform various functions depending on the product.

Physical Size : Small

Speed : May slower than a mobile computer and devices.

Storage : Limited or small storage media.

6:10 PM | 0 Cloud(s)

Science Computer Notes

Definition to IT

Information Technology (IT) is defined as the use of computer hardware and software to store, retrieve, and manipulate information.

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY :

__________________________________________

Today, educators are turning to computers to assist with education. Many schools & companies equip labs & classrooms with computers.

Usage:

oTeachers : use IT to do research for teaching materials, participate in online forum and online reference, use software (prepare lecture notes)

oStudents : use IT as reference tools for finding information in the Internet

oSchool Administrators : use IT for keeping students and teachers record

Example of applications:

•Courseware

•Educational portal (e-portal)

•Web based learning

•Learning Management System

courseware

e-portal

Many people & companies use computers to help manage their finances.

Usage:

•Companies use IT ( finance software) to balance checkbooks, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, manage investment, and evaluate financial plans.

Example of applications:

•Online banking.

•Finance Investment System / Online Investing.

•Electronic Payment System (EPS).

online banking

Most government offices have their own Web sites to provide society with up-to-date information & services.

Example of applications:

•myGovernment.

•e-Filing.

•e-Penyata Gaji & Laporan.

•HRMIS – Aplikasi Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Sumber Manusia.

•Portal Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam.

•e-SPKB – Sistem Perancangan Kawalan Belanjawan Elektronik.

•e-Perolehan – The Electronic Procurement System.

myGovernment

Nearly every area of health care today uses computers for various purposes

Usage :

•Hospitals & doctors use IT to maintain & access patient records, store personal health history including prescriptions, lab test result, doctor visit allergies and immunizations

•Doctors use e-mail to correspond with patients.

Example of applications:

•Telemedicine.

•Telesurgery.

•Medline.

•Counter Registration System